Peppermint has antimicrobial, antiviral, antispasmodic and mild anaesthetic properties and promotes the flow of bile. The cooling effect of mint is used mainly to relieve itching of intact skin. Peppermint oil is also used externally for local muscle and nerve pain, rheumatic complaints and tension headaches. The essential oil can be used in liquid form or as inhalations for colds, coughs and respiratory catarrh. Peppermint is also effective as a mouthwash for inflammations of the oral mucosa. When taken internally, it helps with spasmodic complaints of the gall bladder and gastrointestinal tract, where it is particularly appreciated by patients with irritable bowel syndrome as a soothing agent. Peppermint leaves are also used to treat bloating and abdominal pain during menstruation. They are an effective stomachic for gastritis, nausea, vomiting or acute vomiting.