True Iceland lichen – Lichen Islandicus
Botanically speaking, the name is misleading. The plant is neither a moss nor is it only found in Iceland. Icelandic moss is actually a lichen and is found throughout Europe. It is most abundant in the Swiss Alps.
The cough suppressant.
Fields of application
Iceland moss consists of almost 70 per cent mucilage, which is why it is considered a mucilage drug. Its soothing effect helps with dry coughs, as a gargle for inflamed tonsils, and as a rinse for inflammations of the mouth, throat, pharynx and gums. The mucilage envelops the inflamed mucous membranes and soothes them. The plant also contains bitter substances that have a strengthening and stimulating effect on the stomach and intestines. It is therefore also used to treat gastrointestinal complaints, indigestion and loss of appetite. Other important constituents include bitter lichen acids, which have a mild antibiotic effect. The plant is also rich in vitamin A, B1 and B12, iodine and enzymes. Its immune-boosting effect is used to treat exhaustion following infectious diseases.
Botanical characteristics
Iceland moss is one of the most common ground lichens in forests. It grows in cushions and antlers and is 4 to 12 centimetres high. The upper side is olive to brown-green, the underside is white-green to brownish. The whole plant is harvested from late summer to autumn. During drying, it must not be exposed to light for too long to protect the valuable ingredients. Iceland moss has only been used in folk medicine since the 17th century, when it was frequently used to treat asthma and whooping cough.